Improvement in filters



l. B. ELLIS.

Fi'lters.

N0.142,21Y; l Patented August26,`1873.

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sists in securing in an outer case or cylinder, constructed of any suitable material, an inner. tube or cylinderrandwwhich is the filtering medium, constructed iffsand and clay mixed 4the JONAS B. ELLIS, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

lvdPROVWlENT IN FILTERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. lidl?, dated August 26, 1873; application led July 17, 1873.

To all whom it may concern: n

Be it known that I, JONAS B. ELLIS, of Washington city andl District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Filters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing and the letters of reference marked thereon, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical'sectional view. Figs.

4.2 and 3 are top-plan views of different styles which the filtration takes place at the surface,

and therefore can be cleansedand rinsed at The nature of my invention conand well baked." `The relative diameters of /the outer caselggand inner filtering-cylinder are to be such that when the latter is secured in proper position there' shall be left an annular i chamber, into which the water from the hydrant or main enters, and which is iiltered by ting or passing through the pores of l of the clay cylinder, and throughout its entire length, and from the interior chamber of which it is drawn off, having,iin its passage through the wall of said cylinder, been freed from all `foul matter. vThe heads or lids of these cylinders are cach provided with two openings so arranged that when the heads are properly secured in position one set of openings shall lead into or be connected with the chamber of the inner cylinder, and the other set shall lead into and be connected with the annular chamber between the cylinders. These two inlet-openings in the upper lid of thelter permit of its being connected with the hydrant or main by twc independent tubes, one leading into the annular chamber formed around the clay cylinder, and supplies the water that is to be iltered, the other leading into the interior chamber of the clay cylinder, and which, when desired, permits of the water from the hydrant being drawn at pleasure, and without being caused to pass through the filtering medium; and, besides,

this arrangement of tubes provides the necessary means of rinsing and cleansing the entire interior surface of the filtering device; or the operation maybe reversed, and, instead oi' iiitering from the annular chamber into the inner chamber of the clay cylinder, the water to be iiltered may be drawn into the inner chamberoi` the clay cylinder and filtered by passing through into the outer annular chamber. If found necessary, the inner cylinder may be strengthened by one or more bands around its outside surface. v

The construction and operation of my invention are as follows: A is the outer case or cylinder, which may be constructed out of any suitable material, and of any desired dimensions. This outer caseis formedwith iianges a a. B is the upper and B the lower head of 1 the cylinder, and rest on and are suitably bolted to the iianges a a. b b are disk-plate washers, constructed of rubber or other suitable material, and are secured between the iianges a a and the rim of the heads B B', and extend entirely over the openings at theends of the clay cylinder, forming a water-tight joint. These washers b b, in connection with the pressure-bearing of the heads B B', serve to retain the inner cylinder D in a true vertical position. This cylinder D is constructed of sandand clay, mixedand baked in a manner similar to that in whichl the ordinary brick` is burnt. The dimensions and diameter of this cylinder should be such that when secured at or near the center of the case it will leavey an `annular chamber, and will alsoV be of such height as to permit of its being retained and held by the pressure of-the heads B B and washers b b, as described. There is nothing arbitrary about the form of this cylinder. lt may be round, as shown in Fig. 1, square, as shown in Fig. 2, or corrugated, as shown in Fig. 3, or of any other desired form.

he great advantage of this arrangement ot' cylinder is that the composition used is not only one of the purest, best, and most cleanly of all filtering mediums, but with my arrangement, in comparatively a limited space, I secure the utmost possible amount oi filteringsurface. To illustrate: If my cylinder is twelve inches high and four inches outside diameter I have nearly one hundred and fifty superficial inches of actual ltering-surface.

In the head B' are two openings, d d', to which are attached the discharge-nozzles E E', which are provided with cocks e e. rhese openings d d' are relatively so arranged that while the opening d leads into the inner chainber formed by the cylinder D the other openin g, d', leads into the annular chamberl D'. rhe openings ff' in the head B are connected with tubes I" F', which are provided with cocks g g, and are connected with or extend from the "5"- shaped branch-pipe Gr, which is connected with the main or directly attached to the hy drant. The opening` f is directly opposite the Opening d, and consequently communicates with the chamber which the cylinder D forms. rlhe opening,` f' communicates with the annie lar chamber D1. D2 D2 are bands, oi" any suitable metal, which encircle the outside of the cylinder D for the purpose of strengthening the same, if necessary. Any other equivalent device which will answer the saine purpose may be used in place of the bands D2 D2.

'Ihe operation is as follows: The T- shaped branclrpipc G is attached to the main or service pipe and the cock g in the pipe l?" is opened This allows the water in its impure state to fill the annular chamber D'. To filter it the water percolates the cylinder D, and is drawn off, by means of the cock e in the dischargenozzle E, in a pure state.

To clean the filtering-surface of the cylinder D the cock gin the pipe F and the cock e in the discharge-nozzle E' are opened, when the Water will ll the chamber formed by the cylinder D, percolating the cylinder and passing oft from the annular chamber D through the discharge-nozzle E'.

To cleanse the annular chamber B', or to allow of the free and uninterrupted discharge from the hydrant, the cock g in the pipe F and the cock in the discharge-nozzle E' are both opened, allowing the water to flow freely through the chamber D'.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

The outer case A and inner cylinder D, the latter constructed of a composition of sand and clay baked and burned, and the heads or lids B B', having openings df and d'f', the Whole being constructed, combined, and arranged to operate substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J. B. ELLIS.

Witnesses:

EDWIN JAMES, W. A. Boss. 

